The document provides a comprehensive overview of Pakistan, detailing its geography, cultural heritage, and historical landmarks. Established on August 14, 1947, Pakistan has a diverse population and rich traditions influenced by various civilizations and religions, notably Islam and Sikhism. Key highlights include its national identity, historical contributions, and culinary diversity, reflecting a blend of Middle Eastern and South Asian influences.

2.  Introduction
 Location and Geography
 Cultural Heritage
 Weather
 Festivals
 Cuisine
 Arts
 Fashion & Design
 Lands & Tourism
 Sports
 Achievments
 Legends
 Role of Women

3.  Official Name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Land of the Pure)
 Nationality: Pakistani
 Date of Estabilishment: 14 Aug 1947
 Languages:Urdu (National) and English (Official)
 National Sport: Hockey
 National Dress: Shalwar Qameez
 Location:South Asia
 Area:
 796,095 sq km
 nearly four times the size of the United Kingdom
 Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Balochistan, Federally
Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Islamabad (Capital), Azad
Kashmir
 Population: 187,343,000 (2011 est.)

4.  National Flower: Jasmine
 National Airline: Pakistan International Airline (PIA)
 Currency: Pak. Rupee (PKR)
 Government: Parliamentary form
 Religion: 95 % Muslims, 5 % Others
 Christianity
 Hinduism
 Buddhism
 Sikhism
 Jainism
 Zoroastrianism ( Parsis )
 Judaism
 Kalash Religion

6.  A place of world’s leading Civilizations:
 Indus Civilization:
 Witnessed the glorious era of Indus civilization about 8000 years
B.C when the first village was found at Mehargarh in the Sibi
District of Balochistan.
 Home of the four ancient urban civilizations of Egypt,
Mesopotamia, South Asia and China.
 Polished stone tools, beads and other ornaments, painted jars and
bowls, drinking glasses, dishes and plates
 Two famous archeological site
 Moenjodaro (Sindh, Pakistan) and
 Harappa ( Punjab, northeast Pakistan)

7. Dancing Girl of Mohenjo-Daro Surviving structures at Mohenjo-Daro A children's toy from Mohenjo-Daro
Priest King of Mohenjo-Daro Well and Bathing Platforms- Harappa Coach driver Indus - Harappa

8.  Land attracted Alexander the great from Macedonia in 326 B.C.
 Taxila, Swat and Charsaddah are three important centers for
culture, trade and learning.
 Unique art of sculpture originated which is known as Gandhara
Art all over the world.
 Today the Gandhara Sculptures occupy a prominent place not
only in the museums in pakistan but also in the museums of
England, France, Germany, USA, Japan, Korea, China, India and
Afghanistan.
 Hadda is a Greco-Buddhist archeological site located in the
ancient area of Gandhara, near the Khyber Pass.

9. Female, Charsadda, Gandhara Coin of Early Gandhara Standing Buddha, Gandhara
Janapada:Taxila-Gandhara (1st–2nd century), Tokyo
National Museum
A stone plate (1st century). Portraits from the site of Hadda, Hadda laughing boy
Gandhara, Guimet Museum, France

10.  Islam penetrated in this part of the world as early as 712 A.D
from the west with the Arab General Muhammad bin Qasim and
during the 10th century A.D from the north with the Turk Sultan
Mahmud of Ghaznah ( better known as Mahmud Ghaznavi).
 Islamic world are created with a period of contribution to
scientific knowledge, cultural arts, civilization and architecture,
both by developing earlier traditions and by a period of relatively
rapid and marked innovation.
 Tens of thousands of Mosques, Madrasahs, tombs and gardens
were created.
 The national dress of Pakistan, “ Shalwar Qamiz” is also a direct
gift of the Muslim Turks.
 Important contribution of the Muslim rulers to this land is a new
language „Urdu‟.

11. Badshahi Mosque Lahore

12. Bahauddin Zakariya Mosque

13. Diwan-e-Khas: The hall of special audience with
the emperor (Lahore Fort-Front center view)
The Lahore Fort, a landmark
built during the Mughal era

14. Sikh Period: 1762-1849 A.D.
 Established after the death of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
Alamgir in 1707.
 Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the most powerful of all the Sikh
Rulers and ruled over for complete 40 years.
 Sikhs are the followers of Baba Guru Nanak Sahib.
 The Sikh religion is in fact a product of the Sufi and Bhakti school of
thought.
 The basic principles of the Sikhism are much closer to Islam than to
Hinduism.
 Sikh Heritage in Pakistan
 Haveli, Rangit Singh Gujranwala
 Birth Stone of Rangit Singh
 Smadhi Ranjit Singh
 Punja Sahib, Hasanabdal

15. Smadhi Ranjit Singh, Lahore
Haveli, Rangit Singh Gujranwala Interior Smadhi Ranjit Singh,
Lahore
Exterior of Panja Sahib Gurdwara in
Gurdwara Panja Sahib,Hasan Abdal Hasan Abdal Sikh Praying

16.  British Period: 1857 – 1947
 Just before the independence of Pakistan this land remained a part of
the British Empire for almost a century.
 This colonial architecture in the form of Residential Bungalows,
Educational Institutions, Churches and Railway Stations is still very
attractive and in a good condition.
 British Heritage in Pakistan
 Old Presidency in Rawalpindi
 Rest house in Ziarat
 Empress Market Karachi
 Punjab University‟s old Campus
 Islamia College Peshawar
 Cathedrals in Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Peshawar

17. Punjab University, Lahore

18. Rest House in Ziarat Empress Market in Karachi St Patrick's Cathedral in Karachi
Fatima Jinnah Women University established in
the premises of the Old Presidency building Islamia College Peshawar

19.  Post Independence Period:
 Pakistan was born on the map on 14 August 1947
 Two great leaders
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Allama Iqbal - Poet

20. Snow covered peaks as
Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush
Diverse Weather
Hilly dessert
Sandy Thar dessert
Hot and dry weather

21. Independence Day – 14 Aug National Day – 23 March

22. Ramadan Two Eid Festival
Milada un Nabi

23. Holi - Hindu Sikh festival - Nankana Sahib,Punjab
Christmas

24. Jashn-e-Baharan Basant

25.  Culinary art in Pakistan comprises a mix of Middle Eastern; Punjabi
cuisine, Iranian, Afghan, Indian, and Turkish.
Sindhi biryani Raan masaledar
Tandoori Naan ,Barbecue ,kebabs
Kabuli pulao lamb-skewed Sajji Kashmiri noon chai Mint salted lassi